Independent expert reviewerProfessor Arnold Wilkins
Emeritus Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Essex; Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge
Emeritus professor of psychology whose research covers visual discomfort from flicker, patterns and lighting, photosensitive epilepsy and migraine.
About Arnold
Arnold Wilkins is an Emeritus Professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of Essex, where he was a professor from 1997 to 2015. Before that he was a scientist at the Medical Research Council's Applied Psychology Unit from 1974 to 1997, after completing a DPhil at the University of Sussex in 1973.
His research covers visual discomfort from patterns, flicker and lighting, photosensitive epilepsy and migraine, color vision and the design of ophthalmic tints, and the design of text for children.
He is the author of Visual Stress (Oxford University Press, 1995) and Reading Through Colour (Wiley, 2003), and, with Bruce Evans, of Vision, Reading Difficulties and Visual Stress (Springer, 2022). His studies of photosensitive epilepsy are cited in our article on flashing prank screens.
Pages reviewed on WhiteScreen.tv
The article's scientific content: flashing and the three-flashes rule, photosensitive epilepsy, migraine and visual discomfort, and screen PWM.
The safety notes: the flicker and motion section, the comfort tags on the tiles and the safety answer in the FAQ. Not the pranks themselves.
These pages give general information and visual tools. How an effect looks and feels depends on the person, the screen and its settings, and the room. A review covers the content and version named above. It does not certify any effect or device, diagnose anyone, or mean that the reviewer's university endorses this site.
Education
- DPhil
University of Sussex, 1973
Areas of expertise
Profiles elsewhere
On our sister site
He also reviewed pages on our sister site ScreenTest.Pro, about screen flicker, PWM and refresh rate. screentest.pro
Profile last updated November 3, 2026. Spotted something out of date? Email [email protected]. How we work with reviewers: editorial standards.